Irrigation Water Efficiency by Soil Type Calculator

Irrigation water efficiency is a measure of how effectively water applied through an irrigation system is used by the crop. It’s typically calculated as the ratio of the water beneficially used (e.g., absorbed by the crop) to the total water applied. Higher efficiency means less water is wasted through runoff, evaporation, or deep percolation.

Soil type significantly impacts water infiltration, retention, and drainage. Sandy soils, for example, drain quickly and have low water holding capacity, requiring more frequent, lighter irrigations. Clay soils hold more water but infiltrate slowly, making them prone to runoff if water is applied too quickly. Loamy soils are generally balanced. Understanding your soil type helps in determining the right amount and frequency of irrigation to prevent water stress or waterlogging.

Improving irrigation efficiency involves several practices:

• Proper Scheduling: Irrigating based on crop water needs and soil moisture levels, rather than a fixed schedule.
• System Maintenance: Regularly checking and maintaining irrigation equipment to prevent leaks and ensure uniform water distribution.
• Matching Application Rate: Applying water at a rate that the soil can absorb to avoid runoff.
• Choosing the Right Method: Selecting an irrigation method (e.g., drip, sprinkler) suitable for your crop, soil, and climate.
• Soil Health: Improving soil organic matter can enhance water retention and infiltration.